Electrical apparatus



Nov. 12, 192.9. FEDERLE 1,735,163

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS Filed Feb 1, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet l Nov. 12, 1929. J.C. FEDERLE 1,735,163

ELECTR ICAL APPARATUS Fil 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Nov. 12, 1929 UNITED STATES JOSEPH C. FEDER-LE, OF DAYTON, OHIO,

ASSIGNOR TO DELCO-LIGHT COMPANY, OF

DAYTON, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE ELECTRICAL APPARATUS Application filed February The present invention relates to electrical generating systems and particularly to that type of system including an internal combustion engine, a storage battery, and an electrical apparatus connected with the engine and with the battery for causing the engine to be cranked and for supplying current to electrical translating devices.

One of the objects of the present invention is to prevent the continuous fruitless cranking of an internal combustion engine in the event that the engine does not become selfoperative. One manner of carrying out this invention is to provide a device which will stop the cranking operation after a predetermined number of revolutions of the crankshaft of the engine.

Another object ofthe present invention'is toprovide a system utilizing an engine controlled device for preventing the fruitless cranking of the engine, the system being arranged so that the device will be returned to normal position in the event that the engine becomes self-operative so that, on the next succeeding cranking operation, the device will be operative again.

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein a preferred form of the present invention is clearly shown.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a wiring diagram, showing the present invention applied thereto.

Fig. 2 is' a side view of one of the control devices utilized in the system.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2, showing parts of the control device in another position from that-shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the control device shown in Figs. 2 and 3 and also showing in section, the supportior the control device.

Referring to the drawings and particularly Fig. 1, 20 indicates an internal combustion engine, the crankshaft 21. of which is connected with a dynamo 22, having brushes 23 and 24, and having a series field winding 25 and shunt field winding 26.

1, 1926. Serial No. 85,079.

The ignition device for the engine includes a primary 28, a timer 29, and a secondary 30 connected with spark plug 31 of the engine.

The control mechanism of the system includes a starting switch relay 33, a starting switch 34, a load switch relay 35, a load switch 36, a cranking cutout 37 and battery voltage responsive mechanism 38.

A work circuit for supplying low wattage translating devices may at times be supplied with current from a battery 40. This work circuit includes wires 41 and 42, a low resistance coil 43 of relay 33, wire 44, translating device 45 each provided with a switch 46, wires 47 and 48.

Current may also be supplied to this work circuit by the dynamo 22 which functions as a generator, which latter circuit includes brushes 23, wire 50, contact 51 and armature 52 of load switch 34, wire 53 lowresistance coil 54 of load switchrelay 35, wires 41 and 42, coil 43, translating device 45, switch 46, wires 47 and 48, contact 55, armature 56 and contact 57 of load switch 36, and wire 58 leading to brush 24.

A second work circuit, hereinafter termed a power circuit, is energized by the dynamo 22., This latter circuit includes amain 60 leading from wire 54, translating devices 61 each of which is provided with a switch 62 connected with a main 63. ,Main 63 is connected by wire 64 to the armature 56 which is connected by contact 57 and wire 58 to the dynamo 22.

The dynamo 22 herein described is also adapted to function as a motor for cranking the engine 20'. The cranking circuit for the engine includes battery 40, wire 41, coil 54 of relay 35, wire 53, armature 52 and contact 51 of switch 34, wire 50, dynamo armature, series field 25, wires 66 and 48 to the negative side of the battery 40.

The starting switch relay 33 is also provided with coils 67 and 68. Each of the coils 43, 67 and 68 are adapted to attract the armature 69 to cause same to engage contacts 70 and 71. If there is a demand for current in the power circuit, coil 67 will be energized through the following circuit: wires 41 and 42, coil 43, wire 44, main 60, translating dewhen armature 69 engages contact 70, the circuit branching by wire 82 from Wire 79 and including timer 29, primary 28, which is connected by wire 83 to the wire 66 which in turn is connected to wire 48 onthe negative side of the battery. Thus the cranking circuit and the ignition circuit are established for rendering the engine self-operative.

WVhen the cranking circuit is established, a circuit is also established to a shunt coil 85 of load switch relay 35. This shunt circuit includes wire 41, coil 54. wire 53, a

. contact 86, wire 87, coil 85 and wire 66 on the negative side of the battery. At this time the flow of current in coils 54 and 85 is such that the coils each produce opposite magetic effects. However, after the engine becomes self-operative and the generator tends to create an E, M. F. in opposition to the E. M. F. of the battery, the current flowing through the coil 54 will be decreased to such an extent that the ampere turns of the coil 85 are su ificient to attract the plunger 88 of the relay. When this occurs the plunger 88 will... lift contact 89 into engagement with contact 90 whereby a coil 92 of the load switch 36 will be energized. The circuit for coil 92 includes dynamo 22, wire 50, contact 51, armature 52, contact 86, Wire 87, contacts 90 and 89, magnet frame 93, wire 94, coil 92, wires. 48 and 66, series field 25 to the negative sideof the dynamo. When coil 92 is energized the armature 56; thereof will be attracted to engage contacts 57 to complete the circuit to the translating devices 61 and to the translating devices 45, if there is a demand for current in said latter devices. The armature 56 will also engage 55 to establish the following battery charging circuit: wire 50, contact 51, armature 52, wire 53, coil 54, wire 41, battery 40, wire 48, contact 55, armature 56, contact 57, wire 58.

The dynamo may also be rendered operable as the generator whenever the voltage with the battery falls to a predetermined low value. One manner of accom lishing this is through coil 68 of starting switch rela 33. The circuit for coil 68, includes wire 5, coil 68, contact 96, armature 97, which is pivoted on 98, wires 75 and 48. The mechanism for controlling armature 97 includes a bimetallic thermostat blade 100, around which is wound a heating coil 101. Heating coil 101 is connected to contacts 102 and 103, which are connected respectively with wires 41 on the positive side of the battery and wire 74 on the negative side of the battery. When the thermostatic blade 100 is in the position shown in the drawing, the condition of the battery is such that it is not necessary to recharge same. At this time a circuit will be established over wires 41 and 75, resistance 105, coil 106 and wires 74 and 48. The coil 106 will maintain the armature 97 out of engagement with contact 96. However, as the voltage of the battery recedes blade 100 will move to the right and when the voltage of the battery falls to a predetermined value, blade 100 will engage contact 103 whereby coil 106 will be short circuited by wire 107, blade 100 and contact 103. Armature 97 will then fall by gravity to engage contact 96 to establish the circuit through coil 68. When the voltage of the battery increases, blade 100 will move to the left and after the voltage of the battery has attained a certain high value, blade 100 will engage contact 102 to short circuit resistance 105 by contact 102, blade 100 and wire 107 whereby the coil 106 will be energized sufliciently to attract to it armature 97.

The system may also be rendered operative automatically in response to an excess demand in the work circuit for translating devices 45. The construction of coil 43 is such that when the current flows therethrough exceeding a predetermined value, the ampere turns created thereby are suflicient to attract armature 69.

The cranking cut-out 37 includes a cam or eccentric 110 which may be operated by any suitable engine shaft, as for example, timer or cam shaft 111. Movement of eccentric 110 will cause oscillation of an arm 112 which is pivoted at 113. Arm 112 carries a pawl 114 which co-operates with ratchet wheel 115 rotatedly mounted at 113. Wheel 115 drives a ear 116 which in turn drives a gear 117.

e'ar 117 is carried on a shaft 118 and which has fixed thereto a cam 119 having flats 120 and 121. A'lever 123 which is mounted at 124 co-operates with the cam 119 and its flat 121. Lever 123 is alsoarranged to engage the spring pressed contact 77 and is adapted to separate said contact when lever rides upon the flat 121. An arm 125 of a bell-crank lever 126 co-operates with cam 119 and its flat 120. Bell-cranklever 126 is pivotedly mounted at 127 on a magnet frame 128. A spring 129 normally urges the arm 125 against the surface of the cam 119. The other arm of bell-crank lever 126 forms an armature 130 for a magnet having a coil 132. Armature 130 is notched at 131 to engage the under side of lever 112 when the magnet 132 is de-energized and when the arm 125 rides upon the flat 120. When the magnet 132 is energized the armature 130 will be moved to a position to separate a spring pressed contact 133 from a contact 134, as shown in Fig. 3. However, when the armature is not energized and the arm 125 is riding upon the arc portion of the cam 119 i (as shown in Fig. 2) the pawl carrying arm 112 will be oscillated by the eccentric 110.

- Before the. coil 92 of load switch 36 has been energized, armature 56 will be in such position that contact 137 will bridge contacts 138 and 139. When armature 69 of the start ing switch relay 33 engages contact 70 a c1rcuit will be completed from the battery over wires 41 and 75, armature 69, contact 71, wire 140, coil 132 of cranking cut-out 37, wire 141,

contacts 138, 137 and 139 and wire 142 which is connected through wire 48 to the negative side of the battery. Armature 130 of bellcrank lever 126 will then be attracted to the position shown in Fig. 3 whereby contact 133 will be separated from contact 134 and the arm 112 will be free to be operated by the eccentric 110,.the cranking of the engine causing the oscillation of arm 112 to slowly operat'e the ratchet wheel 115 through the pawl 114. Movement will be imparted to the cam 119 through the reduction gearing 116 and 117 whereby to slowly turn the cam.' Normally the engine should be self operative before the flat 121 of cam 119 moves into engagement with the lever 123, however, if the engine does not become self operative within this predetermined time a spring 143 will urge the lever 123 toward the right as viewed in the drawings and the lever following the flat will be moved to the position shown in Fig- 3 in which position it will lift contact 77 out of engagement with contact 78. Since these contacts are in series relation with the coil at the starting switch 34, the circuit for this coil will be interrupted and the armature 52 will move to interrupt the cranking circuit at 51. In this manner fruitless cranking of a non-responsive engine is eliminated after a predetermined engine operation.

If the engine should become self operative-and the coil of the volt switch 36 energized before lever 123 engages the flat 121, the circuit for thev coil 132 will be interrupted by the movement ofrcontact 137 out of engagement with contacts 138 and 139. The spring 129 on the magnet frame 128 will rotate the bell-crank lever from the position shown in Fig. 3 to the position shown in Fig. 2, in

which position contact 133 engages contact 134, which contacts are connected by wires 144 and 145 in parallel with contacts 77 and 78.

The construction andarrangement of the cranking cutout is such that the oscillating arm 112 is permitted to oscillate as long as the arm 125 or bell-crank lever 126 is riding upon the arcuate surface of the cam 119.

Therefore, after the engine is self operative and the bell-crank lever 126 is in to the position shown in Fig. 2 the rotation of cam 119 is continued. When cam 119 is in such a position that the lever 123 separates contact 77 120 is moved adjacent the arm 125. Then spring 129 will force the arm 125 downwardly and when the notch 131 is moved underneath the arm 112, the arm 112 will be latched in its highest position and out of engagement with the eccentric 110. Therefore, the arm 112 will no longer be actuated by the eccentric 110 and the cam 119 will be in a position for op eration for the next starting of the engine.

Thus it is apparent that an electrical system hasbeen provided in which there is provided an engine-operated device for preventing the fruitless cranking of an internal combustion engine and which arrangement. is such that the device is always reset for the succeeding cranking operation.

While the forms of embodiment of the invention as herein disclosed, constitute a preferred form it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted, all coming within the scope of the claims which follow.

What is claimed is as follows:

1. An electrical system comprising, in combination, an internal combustion engine, a

starting device for said engine, a source of.

, determined number of revolutions of the engine for stopping the cranking of said engine in the event of fruitless cranking.

2. An electrical system comprising. in combination, an internal combustion engine, a starting device for said engine, a source of current supply, means for connecting said current supply with said device to crank said engine, and means actuated by a shaft of said engine, said means being adapted to stop the cranking of'said engine in the event of fruitless cranking.

3. An electrical system comprising, in combination, an internal combustion engine, a starting devicefor said engine, a source of current supply, means for connecting said current supply with said device to crank said engine, and means set into operation during the cranking of said engine for stopping the cranking after a predetermined number of revolutions of the engine in the event of fruitanisms for returning said stopping means to normal position if the engine is rendered self-operable during the cranking operation.

' 4. An electrical system comprising, in combination, an internal combustion engine, a starting device for said engine, a source of current supply, a starting circuit con necting said device and said source of current supply, switching apparatus normally maintaining the starting circuit closed, a controller cooperating, with the switching apparatus and set into operation during the cranking of said engine for stopping the cranking after 'a predetermined number of revolutions of the engine in the event of fruitless cranking, and means operated in the event of self-operation of the engine for returning said controller to starting position.

5. An electrical system comprising, in combination, an internal combustion-engine, a starting device for said engine, a source of current supply, means for connecting said current supply with said device to crank said engine, and means responsive to a predetermined number of revolutions of the starting device for stopping the cranking of the engine in the event of fruitless cranking.

6. An electrical system comprising, in combination,-an internal combustion engine, a starting device for said engine, a source of current supply, means for connecting said current supply with said device to crank said engine, and means responsive to a predetermined number of revolutions of the start-' ing device for disconnecting the starting device from the source.

7. An electrical system comprising, in combination, an internal combustion engine, a starting device for said engine, a source of current supply, means for connecting said current supply with said device to crank said engine, and stopping means set into operation by the movement of the engine by the starting device for stopping the cranking after a predetermined number of revolutions of th engine.

8. An electrical system comprising, in combination, an internal combustionengine; a starting device for the engine; a source of current supply a starting circuit connecting said device and said source of current supply; and a controller actuated by the starting device during the cranking operation and by the engine when the engine becomes self-operative, said controller having a starting position and a stopping position and adapted to be moved' from the starting to the stopping position and from the stopping to the starting position when the engine is cranked and becomes self-operative, means controlled by the controller tending to stop the cranking of the engine when the controller moves to the stopping position, and means for preventing the stopping of the engine when the controller moves to the stopping position and the engine is self-operative.

9. An electrical system comprising, in com bination, an internal combustion engine; a starting device for said engine; a source of current supply; a starting circuit connecting said device and said source of current supply; an engine control device; and a controller actuated by the starting device during the cranking operation and by the engine when the engine is self-operative, said controller having a stating position and a stopping position and adapted to be moved from the starting position to the stopping position and from the stopping position to the starting position when the engine is cranked and becomes self-operative, means controlled by the controller tending to stop the cranking operation and tending to render the engine control device inoperative when the controller moves to the stopping position, and means for maintaining the control device operative when the engine is self-operativeand the control moves to the stopping position.

10. An electrical system comprising, in combination, an internal combustion engine; a starting device for said engine; a source of current supply; a starting circuit connecting said device and said source of current supply; an engine control device; and a controller actuated by the starting device during the cranking operation and by the engine when the engine is self-operative, said controller having a starting position and a stopping position and adapted to be moved from the starting position to the stopping position and from the stopping to the starting position when the engine is cranked and becomes self-operative, means controlled by the controller for interrupting the starting circuit and for rendering the control device ino erative in the event of fruitless cranking when the controller moves to the stopping position, and means for maintaining the control device operative when the engine is self-operative and the control moves to the stopping position.

In testimony whereof I hereto aflix my signature.

JOSEPH G. FEDERLE. 

